Mandara Giri Semeru Agung Temple
Initiated in 1963, Inaugurated in 1992

Mandara
Giri Semeru Agung Temple is a universal temple located at Senduro
village, Senduro, Lumajang, East Java. Although the temple has now been
established in the east slope of Mount Semeru, not many people know the
rigorous struggle of a number of prominent Hindu figures in Bali in
pursuing the construction of the temple since 1963. Ultimately, it can
be established and inaugurated in 1992.
Tjokorda Artha Ardana Sukawati, a Balinese figure who participated in
fighting for the establishment of the temple, said that the temple
construction on Mount Semeru was begun by the implementation of holy
water invocation from Bali directly to Patirtan Watu Kelosot at the foot
of Mount Semeru. It was held during the Ekadasa Rudra grandiose
ceremony at Besakih Temple in March 1963. The activity of invoking holy
water to Watu Kelosot was re-done in 1979 with regard to convening of
the Ekadasa Rudra ceremony at Besakih Temple.
After that time, the tradition of invoking holy water to Watu Kelosot
for other universal temples in Bali when making grandiose ceremony was
begun. The area of Mount Semeru with its Watu Kelosot sacred springs is
increasingly recognized, especially when organizing grandiose ceremony.
High priests or sulinggih always performs ngaskara to Mount Semeru,
pleading before Hyang Shiva Pasupati believed to abide on the peak of
Mount Semeru.
“The idea on the construction of this temple has been emerging from
the senior figures of Bali in 1963. Originally, the idea was inspired
that we have many temples in Bali. Well, when praying we always give
notice to Hyang Shiva Pasupati abiding on Mount Semeru. But when our
senior figures going there, there is no temple or shrines to venerate
Ida Batara of Mount Semeru,” he explained.
With such condition, the leaders of Bali in the 1970s began moving to
fight for the establishment of the temple. They included Tjokorda Gede
Agung Sukawati, some senior figures of Pemecutan Palace and other
figures. The struggle for the temple construction was also based on
Hindu literature references like the Nagarakrtagama as well as
historical references that refer to the Mount Semeru as a sacred area
during ancient Java.
“Initially, the location permit proposed was rejected by local
government. Finally the late Jero Mangku Sarja directed the
establishment of Padma shrine to his own land on Mount Semeru spreading
across the area of 800 square meters, and it becomes the location of the
current temple,” he said.
Process of the temple construction did not take place smoothly. It
happened because it was hampered by licensing problem and difficulties
of sending raw materials to the temple. Until 1989 the temple
construction could continue. Now, the physical building of the Mandara
Giri Semeru Agung Temple has been established on an area of two
hectares, completed with split gates at the outermost courtyard and
arched gates in the middle courtyard. On the east side is built the
ashram of sulinggih, chamber pavilion to store ritual paraphernalia and
two units of pagibungan and kitchen. On the southern side stands a
spacious wantilan hall.
Officiated over by eight high priests, it was held the Pamelaspas
Alit and Mapulang Dasar Sarwa Sekar ritual for the first time on March
8, 1992. Then, it was resumed in June-July 1992 with the ceremony in the
form of Pamungkah Agung, Ngenteg Linggih and Pujawali.
Furthermore, through the Decree No.07/Kep./V/PHDI/1992, the central
office of the Hindu Dharma Council of Indonesia (PHDI) named the temple
‘Pura Mandara Giri Semeru Agung’ with the status as kahyangan jagat or
universal temple, a sanctum to adore God with devotees of all the Hindus
in Indonesia.www.bali-travelnews.com
balinese life and culture